Determinants of HIV/AIDS prevention and transmission knowledge factors among women aged 15-49: a trend analysis based on the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey
Abstract
Background: The number of HIV/AIDS cases is increasing daily. It had risen by more than 300% in the last seven years (from 1,207 cases in 2007 to 3,674 in 2014). Knowledge is linked to HIV/AIDS prevention and transmission. This study aimed to assess the factors of HIV/AIDS prevention and transmission knowledge among Bangladeshi reproductive-aged women from 2007 to 2014. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional comparison study based on secondary data from BDHS on knowledge of HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention methods. In the study, we included a total of 46,608 unweighted individuals, ever married women (15-49 years). Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the effect of the explanatory variables on knowledge of HIV prevention and transmission. Results: The prevalence of knowledge about HIV/AIDS prevention and transmission methods displayed a trend of significant increase, but HIV/AIDS prevention methods knowledge was found to be lower than knowledge about transmission. The mean difference of HIV/AIDS transmission knowledge was 62% [ (95% of CI: 60%-64%), p-value <.001], whereas the mean difference of HIV/AIDS prevention methods knowledge was 50% [(95% of CI: 37%-63%), p-value .004]. For 2007, wealth index, region, highest education, and type of residence; for 2011, wealth index, highest education, and type of residence; and for 2014, age, marital status, wealth index, and highest education, respectively, were shown haves significant associations with knowledge status of HIV/AIDS prevention and transmission. Thus, the highest education and wealth index variables were found to be significant for the 2007-2014 period. Conclusion: HIV/AIDS prevention and transmission knowledge (medium and high status) were found to be in increment. In the Khulna region, the knowledge level was low. And in our study, another significant finding was the importance of education. In order to increase knowledge, the policy maker should organize HIV/AIDS-related health education programs with particular attention to the region and educational level of the people. Keyword: HIV/AIDS Prevention knowledge; HIV/AIDS Transmission knowledge; Bangladesh National Health Survey.
References
Sultana R, Das AC. Knowledge and Practice Regarding HIV among Urban-Rural Men in Bangladesh: A cross sectional study. Bangladesh J Infect Dis. 2017;2(1):3–8.
WHO. HIV/AIDS [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2022 Jul 24]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hiv-aids
Welfare M of H and F, Bangladesh G of the PR of. Annual Report 2018. 2018.
Sheikh MT, Uddin MN, Khan JR. A comprehensive analysis of trends and determinants of HIV/AIDS knowledge among the Bangladeshi women based on Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys, 2007-2014. Arch Public Heal. 2017;75(1):1–11.
Azim T, Khan SI, Haseen F, Lira Huq N, Henning L, Pervez MM, et al. HIV and AIDS in Bangladesh. J Heal Popul Nutr. 2008;26(3):311–24.
UNICEF. Towards ending AIDS [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2022 Jul 24]. Available from: https://www.unicef.org/bangladesh/en/towards-ending-aids
Gani MS, Chowdhury AMR, Nyström L. Urban-rural and socioeconomic variations in the knowledge of STIs and AIDS among Bangladeshi adolescents. Asia-Pacific J Public Heal. 2014;26(2):182–95.
Sarma H, Islam MA, Khan JR, Chowdhury KIA, Gazi R. Impact of teachers training on HIV/AIDS education program among secondary school students in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional survey. PLoS One. 2017;12(7):1–16.
Sayem A, Popsci M. An assessment of risk behaviours to HIV/AIDS vulnerability among young female garment workers in Bangladesh. Int J STD AIDS. 2010;21(2):133–7.
UNICEF. HIV/AIDS | UNICEF Bangladesh [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2022 Jul 24]. Available from: https://www.unicef.org/bangladesh/en/topics/hivaids
Kirby DB. The impact of abstinence and comprehensive sex and STD/HIV education programs on adolescent sexual behavior. Sex Res Soc Policy. 2008;5(3):18–27.
Kirby D. Emerging Answers. 2001.
Welfare M of H and F, Bangladesh G of the PR of. End Line Survey ( Behaviour ) on Continuation of the Prioritized HIV Prevention Services among key Population in Bangladesh funded by the Global Fund. 2017.
UNAIDS. Women out loud: How women living with HIV will help the world end AIDS | UNAIDS [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2022 Jul 24]. Available from: https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/presscentre/featurestories/2012/december/20121211womenoutloud
Singh S, Darroch JE, Bankole A. A, B and C in Uganda: The Roles of Abstinence, Monogamy and Condom Use in HIV Decline. https://doi.org/101016/S0968-8080(04)23118-4 [Internet]. 2004 [cited 2022 Jul 24];12(23):129–35. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1016/S0968-8080%2804%2923118-4
Underhill K, Montgomery P, Operario D. Sexual abstinence only programmes to prevent HIV infection in high income countries: Systematic review. Br Med J. 2007 Aug 4;335(7613):248–52.
Oladepo O, Fayemi MM. Perceptions about sexual abstinence and knowledge of HIV/AIDS prevention among in-school adolescents in a western Nigerian city. BMC Public Health. 2011;11.
Umeh CN, Essien JE, Ezedinachi EN, Ross MW. Knowledge, beliefs and attitudes about HIV/AIDS-related issues, and the sources of knowledge among health care professionals in southern Nigeria. J R Soc Promot Health. 2008;128(5):233–9.
Kuete M, Huang Q, Rashid A, Ma XL, Yuan HF, Escalera Antezana JP, et al. Differences in Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior towards HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infections between Sexually Active Foreign and Chinese Medical Students. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016.
Yaya S, Bishwajit G, Danhoundo G, Seydou I. Extent of Knowledge about HIV and Its Determinants among Men in Bangladesh. Front Public Heal. 2016 Nov 3;4:246.
National Institute of Population Research and Training - NIPORT/Bangladesh, Mitra and Associates/Bangladesh and MI 2009. The DHS Program - Bangladesh: DHS, 2007 - Final Report (English) [Internet]. 2009. [cited 2022 Jul 24]. Available from: https://dhsprogram.com/publications/publication-fr207-dhs-final-reports.cfm
Mitra and Associates NI of PR and T (NIPORT), ICF International. Bangladesh Demographic and Health 2011. Dhaka, Bangladesh Calverton, Maryland, USA NIPORT, Mitra Assoc ICF Int. 2013;1–430.
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Dhaka B, Mitra. Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey 2014. 2016; Available from: https://www.unicef.org/bangladesh/sites/unicef.org.bangladesh/files/2018-10/BDHS 2014.pdf
Elkasabi M. Sampling and Weighting with DHS Data - The DHS Program Blog [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2022 Jul 24]. Available from: https://blog.dhsprogram.com/sampling-weighting-at-dhs/
Flegal, K. M., Ogden, C. L., Fryar, C., Afful, J., Klein, R., & Huang DT. Comparisons of Self-Reported and Measured Height and Weight, BMI, and Obesity Prevalence from National Surveys: 1999–2016 [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2022 Jul 24]. Available from: https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/89163
Rueda MDM, Cobo B, Arcos A. Regression Models in Complex Survey Sampling for Sensitive Quantitative Variables. Math 2021, Vol 9, Page 609 [Internet]. 2021 Mar 12 [cited 2022 Jul 24];9(6):609. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/9/6/609/htm
Hossain M, Mani KKC, Sidik SM, Shahar HK, Islam R. Knowledge and awareness about STDs among women in Bangladesh. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2014 Jul 31 [cited 2022 Jul 24];14(1):1–7. Available from: https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-14-775
Azim T, Chowdhury EI, Reza M, Faruque MO, Ahmed G, Khan R, et al. Prevalence of infections, HIV risk behaviors and factors associated with HIV infection among male injecting drug users attending a needle/syringe exchange program in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Subst Use Misuse [Internet]. 2008 Dec [cited 2022 Jul 24];43(14):2124–44. Available from: https://utsouthwestern.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/prevalence-of-infections-hiv-risk-behaviors-and-factors-associate
Sarkar K, Bal B, Mukherjee R, Chakraborty S, Niyogi SK, Saha MK, et al. Epidemic of HIV Coupled With Hepatitis C Virus Among Injecting Drug Users of Himalayan West Bengal, Eastern India, Bordering Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh. http://dx.doi.org/101080/10826080500410991
Khosla N. HIV/AIDS interventions in Bangladesh: What can application of a social exclusion framework tell us? J Heal Popul Nutr. 2009;27(4):587–97.
Williams B, Baker D, Bühler M, Petrie C. Increase coverage of HIV and AIDS services in Myanmar. Confl Health. 2008 Dec;2(1).
Hor LB, Detels R, Heng S, Mun P. The role of sex worker clients in transmission of HIV in Cambodia. Int J STD AIDS. 2005;16(2):170–4.
Harms G, Schulze K, Moneta I, Baryomunsi C, Mbezi P, Poggensee G. Mother-to-child transmission of HIV and its prevention: Awareness and knowledge in Uganda and Tanzania. Sahara J. 2005 Jul 1;2(2):258–66.
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare G of B. (PDF) Annual Program Implementation Report of Bangladesh Health, Population and Nutrition Sector Development Program (HPNSDP) 2012 [Internet]. [cited 2022 Jul 24]. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264124322_Annual_Program_Implementation_Report_of_Bangladesh_Health_Population_and_Nutrition_Sector_Development_Program_HPNSDP_2012
Mumtaz GR, Hilmi N, Majed EZ, Abu-Raddad LJ. Characterising HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitudes in the Middle East and North Africa: Systematic review and data synthesis. Glob Public Health [Internet]. 2020;15(2):275–98. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2019.1668452
Schur N, Mylne A, Mushati P, Takaruza A, Ward H, Gregson S. The effects of household wealth on HIV prevalence in Manicaland , Zimbabwe. :1–12.
WHO. HIV Education is Prevention – Learn More on HIVCare.org [Internet]. 1998 [cited 2022 Jul 24]. Available from: https://hivcare.org/hiv-basics/?gclid=Cj0KCQjw2_OWBhDqARIsAAUNTTH0xl1zrv1vcEATCp-puULt57965xDFSkqGKcvtlhX-m4tBokfmsb0aAi8oEALw_wcB
UNESCO. Literacy for Life | Global Education Monitoring Report [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2022 Jul 24]. Available from: https://en.unesco.org/gem-report/report/2006/literacy-life
Chirwa GC. “Who knows more, and why?” Explaining socioeconomic-related inequality in knowledge about HIV in Malawi. Sci African. 2020 Mar 1;7:e00213.
Srivastava S, Chauhan S, Patel R, Kumar P. A study of awareness on HIV/AIDS among adolescents: A Longitudinal Study on UDAYA data. Sci Rep. 2021 Dec 1;11(1).
Mostafavi E, Haghdoost A, Mirzazadeh A, Riedner G, Weis P, Kloss K, et al. Regional HIV knowledge hubs: A new approach by the health sector to transform knowledge into practice. Health Promot Int. 2014;29(1):91–7.
HIV.gov. U.S. Statistics [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2022 Jul 24]. Available from: https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/data-and-trends/statistics
Rohleder P, Eide AH, Swartz L, Ranchod C, Schneider M, Schür C. Gender differences in HIV knowledge and unsafe sexual behaviours among disabled people in South Africa. Disabil Rehabil. 2012;34(7):605–10.
Greenwood GL, Wilson A, Bansal GP, Barnhart C, Barr E, Berzon R, et al. HIV-Related Stigma Research as a Priority at the National Institutes of Health. AIDS Behav [Internet]. 2022;26(0123456789):5–26. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-021-03260-6
